Neoclassical Art (Part 6): Paintings from Other Countries

Neoclassicism occurred between 1760 and 1830 as a consequence of the decline of Rococo. It marked a return to the styles of ancient Greece and Rome. During this period, museums began to be built, and there was a growing interest in ancient antiquities, Greek and Roman ruins, as well as archaeological expeditions.

Germany
Anton Raphael Mengs: He met Johann Joachim Winckelmann in Rome and also worked in Spain, painting for the Royal Palace. Mengs created many self-portraits (three of which are included here), along with works like Helios at Midday, Diane as Night, Future Charles IV, Maria Luisa of Spain, Winckelmann, Venus and Cupid.
Gottlieb Schick: He worked in Stuttgart, Paris with David and Ingres, and in Rome. Some of his notable subjects include Heinrike Dannecker and Wilhelmine von Cotta.
Phillip Otto Runge: Known for his transition to Romanticism, which focused on emotions and nostalgia. His works include The Morning.
Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg: From Denmark, he studied under David and became one of the best painters of the time. Some of his works include Death of Balder (inspired by Norse mythology), Nude in the Mirror, Woman Putting on Her Slippers, Liggende Model, Bella and Hanna, the Eldest Daughters of M.L. Nathanson, Ulysses Abandoning the Cave of Polyphemus, Interior of the Colosseum, Udsigt af Møns Klint og Sommerspiret, A View through Three of the North-Western Arches of the Third Storey of the Coliseum, and Rainbow at Sea with Some Cruising Ships.

England
Gavin Hamilton: Known for Venus Giving Helen to Paris to Be His Wife.
Benjamin West: His famous works include Omnia Vincit Amor and William Penn Treating with the Indians.
Hubert Robert: He painted ruins and imagined views of the Louvre as ruins. Other works include Classical Ruins, Colosseum of Rome, and Terrace of Marly.
George Stubbs: Renowned for his anatomical studies of horses, with notable works like Whistlejacket and Mares and Foals in a Landscape.
Sir Thomas Lawrence: Known for portraits, such as Portrait of Arthur Atherley.
Maria Anna Angelika Kauffmann: A Swiss artist who painted sentimental portraits, including Portrait of Anna von Escher van Muralt and Ariadne Abandoned by Theseus.

Italy
Andrea Appiani: Known for his Portrait of Napoleon.
Vincenzo Camuccini: Famous for The Death of Caesar, an amazing piece in Neoclassical style.

Spain
Francisco Bayeu: He worked alongside Mengs at the Royal Palace of Madrid, creating works like St. Thomas of Aquino Defeating the Heretics and Olympus.
José Aparicio Inglada: Known for Hunger in Madrid.
José Madrazo: Famous for The Death of Viriatus.
Juan Antonio Ribera: Known for Cincinnatus.

France (Honorable Mention)
Marie Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun is considered the most famous female French painter of the 18th century. She created around 900 paintings, 700 of which were portraits, including many self-portraits. Some of her notable works include Self-Portrait (three versions), Maria Antoinette (two versions), Madame de Staël as Corinna, Lady Hamilton, Julie as Flora, Pauline de Beaumont, Duchess de Caderousse, Varvara Ivanovna Narishkine, Vigée Le Brun Baronne de Crussol, and Bather.

Music: Symphony No. 40 in G Minor, First Movement by Mozart
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