美国公民入籍考试128题中文英文对照(下)

續接前文

美国入籍考试128题中文英文对照(下)

AMERICAN HISTORY

美国历史

A: Colonial Period and IndependenceA:殖民时期与独立

 73. The colonists came to America for many reasons. Name one.

• Freedom

• Political liberty

• Religious freedom

• Economic opportunity

• Escape persecution

 73. 殖民者来到美洲的原因之一是什么?

• 自由

• 政治自由

• 宗教自由

• 经济机会

• 逃避迫害

 74. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? *

• American Indians

• Native Americans

 74. 在欧洲人到来之前,谁生活在美洲? *

• 美洲印第安人

• 美洲原住民

 75. What group of people was taken and sold as slaves?

• Africans

• People from Africa

 75. 哪一群人被抓来当奴隶贩卖?

• 非洲人

• 来自非洲的人

 76. What war did the Americans fight to win independence from Britain?

• American Revolution

• The (American) Revolutionary War

• War for (American) Independence

 76. 美国人为摆脱英国统治而打的是什么战争?

• 美国革命

• (美国)独立战争

• 独立之战

 77. Name one reason why the Americans declared independence from Britain.

• High taxes

• Taxation without representation

• British soldiers stayed in Americans’ houses (boarding, quartering)

• They did not have self-government

• Boston Massacre

• Boston Tea Party (Tea Act)

• Stamp Act

• Sugar Act

• Townshend Acts

• Intolerable (Coercive) Acts

 77. 美国人宣布独立的原因之一是什么?

• 高额税收

• 无代表而被征税

• 英军强住在美国人家中

• 缺乏自治权

• 波士顿大屠杀

• 波士顿倾茶事件(茶叶法案)

• 印花税法

• 糖税法

• 汤森法案

• 不容忍法案(强制法案)

 78. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? *

• (Thomas) Jefferson

 78. 谁起草了《独立宣言》? *

• (托马斯)杰斐逊

 79. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

• July 4, 1776

 79. 《独立宣言》是在哪一天通过的?

• 177674

 80. The American Revolution had many important events. Name one.

• (Battle of) Bunker Hill

• Declaration of Independence

• Washington Crossing the Delaware (Battle of Trenton)

• (Battle of) Saratoga

• Valley Forge (Encampment)

• (Battle of) Yorktown (British surrender at Yorktown)

 80. 美国独立战争有许多重要事件,请说出一个。

• 邦克山战役

• 发表《独立宣言》

• 华盛顿渡过特拉华河(特伦顿战役)

• 萨拉托加战役

• 福吉谷冬营

• 约克镇战役(英国投降)

 81. There were 13 original states. Name five.

• New Hampshire

• Massachusetts

• Rhode Island

• Connecticut

• New York

• New Jersey

• Pennsylvania

• Delaware

• Maryland

• Virginia

• North Carolina

• South Carolina

• Georgia

 81. 美国最初有13个州,请说出其中五个。

• 新罕布什尔

• 马萨诸塞

• 罗德岛

• 康涅狄格

• 纽约

• 新泽西

• 宾夕法尼亚

• 特拉华

• 马里兰

• 弗吉尼亚

• 北卡罗来纳

• 南卡罗来纳

• 乔治亚

 82. What founding document was written in 1787?

• (U.S.) Constitution

 82. 1787年写成的建国文件是什么?

• 《美国宪法》

83. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

• (James) Madison

• (Alexander) Hamilton

• (John) Jay

• Publius

83. 《联邦党人文集》支持宪法的通过,请说出一位作者。

• (詹姆斯)麦迪逊

• (亚历山大)汉密尔顿

• (约翰)杰伊

• 普布利乌斯

84. Why were the Federalist Papers important?

• They helped people understand the (U.S.) Constitution.

• They supported passing the (U.S.) Constitution.

84. 《联邦党人文集》为什么重要?

• 帮助人们理解宪法

• 支持宪法通过

85. Benjamin Franklin is famous for many things. Name one.

• Founded the first free public libraries

• First Postmaster General of the United States

• Helped write the Declaration of Independence

• Inventor

• U.S. diplomat

85. 本杰明·富兰克林因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。

• 创建第一批免费公共图书馆

• 担任美国首任邮政总局长

• 协助起草《独立宣言》

• 发明家

• 美国外交官

86. George Washington is famous for many things. Name one. *

• “Father of Our Country”

• First president of the United States

• General of the Continental Army

• President of the Constitutional Convention

86. 乔治·华盛顿因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。 *

• “国父

• 美国第一任总统

• 大陆军总司令

• 宪法会议主席

87. Thomas Jefferson is famous for many things. Name one.

• Writer of the Declaration of Independence

• Third president of the United States

• Doubled the size of the United States (Louisiana Purchase)

• First Secretary of State

• Founded the University of Virginia

• Writer of the Virginia Statute on Religious Freedom

87. 托马斯·杰斐逊因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。

• 《独立宣言》作者

• 美国第三任总统

• 通过路易斯安那购地案使美国面积翻倍

• 美国首任国务卿

• 创办弗吉尼亚大学

• 撰写《弗吉尼亚宗教自由法令》

88. James Madison is famous for many things. Name one.

• “Father of the Constitution”

• Fourth president of the United States

• President during the War of 1812

• One of the writers of the Federalist Papers

88. 詹姆斯·麦迪逊因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。

• “宪法之父

• 美国第四任总统

• 1812年战争时期的总统

• 《联邦党人文集》作者之一

89. Alexander Hamilton is famous for many things. Name one.

• First Secretary of the Treasury

• One of the writers of the Federalist Papers

• Helped establish the First Bank of the United States

• Aide to General George Washington

• Member of the Continental Congress

89. 亚历山大·汉密尔顿因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。

• 美国首任财政部长

• 《联邦党人文集》作者之一

• 协助建立美国第一银行

• 华盛顿将军的助手

• 大陆会议成员

90. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

• Louisiana Territory

• Louisiana

90. 美国在1803年从法国购买了哪片领土?

• 路易斯安那领地

• 路易斯安那

B: 1800s19世纪

91. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

• War of 1812

• Mexican-American War

• Civil War

• Spanish-American War

91. 说出美国在19世纪参与的一场战争。

• 1812年战争

• 美墨战争

• 南北战争

• 美西战争

92. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

• The Civil War

92. 美国北方和南方之间的战争叫什么?

• 南北战争

93. The Civil War had many important events. Name one.

• (Battle of) Fort Sumter

• Emancipation Proclamation

• (Battle of) Vicksburg

• (Battle of) Gettysburg

• Sherman’s March

• (Surrender at) Appomattox

• (Battle of) Antietam/Sharpsburg

• Lincoln was assassinated.

93. 南北战争有许多重要事件,请说出一个。

• 萨姆特堡战役

• 《解放黑人奴隶宣言》

• 维克斯堡战役

• 葛底斯堡战役

• 谢尔曼远征

• 阿波马托克斯投降

• 安提塔姆/夏普斯堡战役

• 林肯遇刺

94. Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one. *

• Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)

• Saved (or preserved) the Union

• Led the United States during the Civil War

• 16th president of the United States

• Delivered the Gettysburg Address

94. 亚伯拉罕·林肯因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。 *

• 解放奴隶(《解放宣言》)

• 拯救(维护)联邦

• 南北战争时期的总统

• 美国第16任总统

• 发表《葛底斯堡演说》

95. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

• Freed the slaves

• Freed slaves in the Confederacy

• Freed slaves in the Confederate states

• Freed slaves in most Southern states

95. 《解放黑人奴隶宣言》做了什么?

• 解放奴隶

• 解放邦联地区的奴隶

• 解放邦联州的奴隶

• 解放大部分南部州的奴隶

96. What U.S. war ended slavery?

• The Civil War

96. 哪场美国战争结束了奴隶制?

• 南北战争

97. What amendment says all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are U.S. citizens?

• 14th Amendment

97. 哪一条修正案规定所有在美国出生或归化的人都是美国公民?

• 第十四修正案

98. When did all men get the right to vote?

• After the Civil War

• During Reconstruction

• (With the) 15th Amendment

• 1870

98. 所有男性在什么时候获得投票权?

• 南北战争之后

• 重建时期

• 随着第十五修正案

• 1870

99. Name one leader of the women’s rights movement in the 1800s.

• Susan B. Anthony

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton

• Sojourner Truth

• Harriet Tubman

• Lucretia Mott

• Lucy Stone

99. 说出19世纪妇女权利运动的一位领袖。

• 苏珊·安东尼

• 伊丽莎白·卡迪·斯坦顿

• 苏珍娜·特鲁思

• 哈丽雅特·塔布曼

• 卢克丽霞·莫特

• 露西·斯通

100. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.

• World War I

• World War II

• Korean War

• Vietnam War

• (Persian) Gulf War

100. 说出美国在20世纪参加的一场战争。

• 第一次世界大战

• 第二次世界大战

• 朝鲜战争

• 越南战争

• 海湾战争

C: Recent American History and Other Important Historical InformationC:近代美国历史及其他重要历史信息

101. Why did the United States enter World War I?

• Because Germany attacked U.S. (civilian) ships

• To support the Allied Powers (England, France, Italy, and Russia)

• To oppose the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria)

101. 美国为什么参加第一次世界大战?

• 因为德国袭击美国民用船只

• 为支持协约国(英国、法国、意大利和俄罗斯)

• 为反对同盟国(德国、奥匈帝国、奥斯曼帝国和保加利亚)

102. When did all women get the right to vote?

• 1920

• After World War I

• (With the) 19th Amendment

102. 所有女性在什么时候获得投票权?

• 1920

• 一战之后

• 随着第十九修正案

103. What was the Great Depression?

• Longest economic recession in modern history

103. 什么是大萧条?

• 现代历史上最长的经济衰退

104. When did the Great Depression start?

• The Great Crash (1929)

• Stock market crash of 1929

104. 大萧条是从什么时候开始的?

• 1929年大崩盘

• 1929年股市崩盘

105. Who was president during the Great Depression and World War II?

• (Franklin) Roosevelt

105. 谁在大萧条和二战期间担任总统?

• (富兰克林)罗斯福

106. Why did the United States enter World War II?

• (Bombing of) Pearl Harbor

• Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor

• To support the Allied Powers (England, France, and Russia)

• To oppose the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan)

106. 美国为什么参加二战?

• 珍珠港事件

• 日本袭击珍珠港

• 为支持同盟国(英国、法国和俄罗斯)

• 为反对轴心国(德国、意大利和日本)

107. Dwight Eisenhower is famous for many things. Name one.

• General during World War II

• President at the end of (during) the Korean War

• 34th president of the United States

• Signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 (Created the Interstate System)

107. 德怀特·艾森豪威尔因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。

• 二战时期的将军

• 朝鲜战争结束时的总统

• 美国第34任总统

• 签署1956年《联邦援助公路法》(建立州际公路系统)

108. Who was the United States’ main rival during the Cold War?

• Soviet Union

• USSR

• Russia

108. 冷战时期美国的主要对手是谁?

• 苏联

• 苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟(USSR

• 俄罗斯

109. During the Cold War, what was one main concern of the United States?

• Communism

• Nuclear war

109. 冷战期间美国的主要担忧之一是什么?

• 共产主义

• 核战争

110. Why did the United States enter the Korean War?

• To stop the spread of communism

110. 美国为什么参加朝鲜战争?

• 为了阻止共产主义扩张

111. Why did the United States enter the Vietnam War?

• To stop the spread of communism

111. 美国为什么参加越南战争?

• 为了阻止共产主义扩张

112. What did the civil rights movement do?

• Fought to end racial discrimination

112. 民权运动做了什么?

• 争取结束种族歧视

113. Martin Luther King, Jr. is famous for many things. Name one. *

• Fought for civil rights

• Worked for equality for all Americans

• Worked to ensure that people would “not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character”

113. 马丁·路德·金因许多事而闻名,请说出一件。 *

• 为民权而奋斗

• 致力于让所有美国人平等

• 致力于让人们不因肤色而被评判,而是因品格而被评判

114. Why did the United States enter the Persian Gulf War?

• To force the Iraqi military from Kuwait

114. 美国为什么参加海湾战争?

• 为了把伊拉克军队驱逐出科威特

115. What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States? *

• Terrorists attacked the United States

• Terrorists took over two planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center in New York City

• Terrorists took over a plane and crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia

• Terrorists took over a plane originally aimed at Washington, D.C., and crashed in a field in Pennsylvania

115. 2001911日美国发生了什么重大事件? *

• 恐怖分子袭击美国

• 恐怖分子劫持两架飞机撞向纽约世贸中心

• 恐怖分子劫持一架飞机撞向弗吉尼亚州五角大楼

• 恐怖分子劫持一架原本飞向华盛顿特区的飞机,坠毁在宾夕法尼亚的田野

116. Name one U.S. military conflict after the September 11, 2001 attacks.

• (Global) War on Terror

• War in Afghanistan

• War in Iraq

116. 说出9·11袭击后美国参与的一场军事冲突。

• (全球)反恐战争

• 阿富汗战争

• 伊拉克战争

117. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.

• Apache

• Blackfeet

• Cayuga

• Cherokee

• Cheyenne

• Chippewa

• Choctaw

• Creek

• Crow

• Hopi

• Huron

• Inupiat

• Lakota

• Mohawk

• Mohegan

• Navajo

• Oneida

• Onondaga

• Pueblo

• Seminole

• Seneca

• Shawnee

• Sioux

• Teton

• Tuscarora

117. 说出美国的一个印第安部族。

• 阿帕奇

• 布莱克富特

• 卡尤加

• 切罗基

• 夏安

• 奇佩瓦

• 乔克托

• 克里克

• 克罗

• 霍皮

• 休伦

• 伊努皮亚特

• 拉科塔

• 莫霍克

• 莫希干

• 纳瓦霍

• 奥奈达

• 奥农达加

• 普韦布洛

• 塞米诺尔

• 塞内卡

• 肖尼

• 苏族

• 提顿

• 图斯卡罗拉

SYMBOLS AND HOLIDAYS

美国象征与节日

A: SymbolsA:象征

 118. Name one example of an American innovation.

• Light bulb

• Automobile (cars, internal combustion engine)

• Skyscrapers

• Airplane

• Assembly line

• Landing on the moon

• Integrated circuit (IC)

 118. 说出一项美国的发明或创新。

• 电灯泡

• 汽车(内燃机车)

• 摩天大楼

• 飞机

• 装配线

• 登月

• 集成电路

 119. What is the capital of the United States?

• Washington, D.C.

 119. 美国的首都是哪里?

• 华盛顿特区

 120. Where is the Statue of Liberty?

• New York (Harbor)

• Liberty Island [Also acceptable: New Jersey, near New York City, Hudson River]

 120. 自由女神像在哪里?

• 纽约港

• 自由岛 [也可接受:新泽西州、纽约市附近、哈德逊河上]

 121. Why does the flag have 13 stripes? *

• (Because there were) 13 original colonies

• (Because the stripes) represent the original colonies

 121. 为什么国旗上有13条条纹? *

• 因为有13个最初的殖民地

• 条纹代表最初的殖民地

122. Why does the flag have 50 stars?

• (Because there is) one star for each state

• (Because) each star represents a state

• (Because there are) 50 states

122. 为什么国旗上有50颗星?

• 因为每个州对应一颗星

• 每颗星代表一个州

• 一共50个州

123. What is the name of the national anthem?

• The Star-Spangled Banner

123. 美国国歌叫什么名字?

• 《星条旗永不落》

124. The Nation’s first motto was “E Pluribus Unum.” What does that mean?

• Out of many, one

• We all become one

124. 美国最早的格言是合众为一。它是什么意思?

• 从众多之中合为一体

• 我们团结成一个整体

B: HolidaysB:节日

125. What is Independence Day?

• A holiday to celebrate U.S. independence (from Britain)

• The country’s birthday

125. 什么是独立日?

• 庆祝美国脱离英国独立的节日

• 美国的生日

126. Name three national U.S. holidays. *

• New Year’s Day

• Martin Luther King, Jr. Day

• Presidents Day (Washington’s Birthday)

• Memorial Day

• Juneteenth

• Independence Day

• Labor Day

• Columbus Day

• Veterans Day

• Thanksgiving Day

• Christmas Day

126. 说出三个美国的全国性节日。 *

• 元旦

• 马丁·路德·金纪念日

• 总统日(华盛顿生日)

• 阵亡将士纪念日

• 六月节

• 独立日

• 劳动节

• 哥伦布日

• 退伍军人节

• 感恩节

• 圣诞节

127. What is Memorial Day?

• A holiday to honor soldiers who died in military service

127. 什么是阵亡将士纪念日?

• 纪念在军役中牺牲士兵的节日

 128. What is Veterans Day?

• A holiday to honor people in the (U.S.) military

• A holiday to honor people who have served (in the U.S. military)

 128. 什么是退伍军人节?

• 向现役军人致敬的节日

• 向曾服役军人致敬的节日