美國公民入籍考試128題中文英文對照(上)

美国移民局(USCIS)已正式实施2025年版公民入籍考试(Naturalization Civics Test)改革方案。

核心变化与生效日期:

        生效日期:凡是在 2025年10月20日 或之后提交 N-400 入籍申请的申请人,都必须参加 2025 版新考试。

        适用对象:2025年10月20日之前申请的人员仍沿用 2008 版考试。 

2025 改革版主要内容:

  1. 题库规模增加:公民知识题库从原来的 100 题增加到 128 题

  2. 提问数量增加:面试官会在面试中抽取 20 道题 进行提问(此前为 10 道)。

  3. 及格分数提高:申请人必须答对 12 道题 才能通过(及格率仍为 60%,但题目数量翻倍)。

  4. 终止规则:一旦申请人答对 12 题,面试官将停止提问并判定通过;如果申请人答错 9 题,则判定为失败。

  5. 内容侧重:新版题目更加侧重美国历史、政府运作及宪法原则,减少了部分地理相关题目。 

豁免与特殊规定:

        “65/20”规则(高龄豁免):年满 65 岁且持有绿卡至少 20 年的申请人,仍只需学习精选的 20 道题,面试时回答 10 题并答对 6 题即可通过。

        英语要求:目前 2025 版改革主要针对公民知识部分,英语听、说、读、写的要求保持不变。 

备考建议:

        访问 USCIS 官方公民资源中心 获取最新的 128 题官方题库 (PDF)

        注意部分答案会因选举(如 2024 年大选后的内阁名单或议员变更)而变化,请务必查询面试当天的现任官员名单。

 

 

美国入籍考试128题中文英文对照

英文中文

AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

美国政府

A: Principles of American GovernmentA:美国政府的基本原则

1. What is the form of government of the United States?

• Republic

• Constitution-based federal republic

• Representative democracy

1. 美国的政体是什么?

• 共和国

• 基于宪法的联邦共和国

• 代议制民主

2. What is the supreme law of the land? *

• (U.S.) Constitution

2. 美国的最高法律是什么?*

• (美国)宪法

3. Name one thing the U.S. Constitution does.

• Forms the government

• Defines powers of government

• Defines the parts of government

• Protects the rights of the people

3. 请说出宪法的一项作用

• 建立政府

• 规定政府权力

• 规定政府组成部分

• 保障人民权利

4. The U.S. Constitution starts with the words “We the People.” What does “We the People” mean?

• Self-government

• Popular sovereignty

• Consent of the governed

• People should govern themselves

• (Example of) social contract

4. 美国宪法开头的“We the People”是什么意思?

• 自治

• 人民主权

• 被治理者的同意

• 人民应当自我治理

• (社会契约的例子)

5. How are changes made to the U.S. Constitution?

• Amendments

• The amendment process

5. 美国宪法是如何修改的?

• 修正案

• 修宪程序

6. What does the Bill of Rights protect?

• (The basic) rights of Americans

• (The basic) rights of people living in the United States

6. 《权利法案》保护什么?

• 美国人的(基本)权利

• 在美国居住者的(基本)权利

7. How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution have? *

• Twenty-seven (27)

 

7. 美国宪法有多少条修正案? *

• 27

8. Why is the Declaration of Independence important?

• It says America is free from British control.

• It says all people are created equal.

• It identifies inherent rights.

• It identifies individual freedoms.

8. 为什么《独立宣言》很重要?

• 宣告美国脱离英国统治

• 宣告人人生而平等

• 确认固有权利

• 确认个人自由

9. What founding document said the American colonies were free from Britain?

• Declaration of Independence

9. 哪一份建国文件宣布美洲殖民地脱离英国?

• 《独立宣言》

10. Name two important ideas from the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

• Equality

• Liberty

• Social contract

• Natural rights

• Limited government

• Self-government

10. 请说出两个《独立宣言》和《宪法》中的重要理念。

• 平等

• 自由

• 社会契约

• 天赋人权

• 有限政府

• 自治

11. The words “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” are in what founding document?

• Declaration of Independence

11. “生命、自由和追求幸福出自哪一份建国文件?

• 《独立宣言》

12. What is the economic system of the United States? *

• Capitalism

• Free market economy

12. 美国的经济制度是什么? *

• 资本主义

• 自由市场经济

13. What is the rule of law?

• Everyone must follow the law.

• Leaders must obey the law.

• Government must obey the law.

• No one is above the law.

13. 什么是法治?

• 人人必须遵守法律

• 领导人必须守法

• 政府必须守法

• 没有人凌驾于法律之上

14. Many documents influenced the U.S. Constitution. Name one.

• Declaration of Independence

• Articles of Confederation

• Federalist Papers

• Anti-Federalist Papers

• Virginia Declaration of Rights

• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

• Mayflower Compact

• Iroquois Great Law of Peace

14. 许多文件影响了美国宪法,请说出其中一份。

• 《独立宣言》

• 《邦联条例》

• 《联邦党人文集》

• 《反联邦党人文集》

• 《弗吉尼亚权利宣言》

• 《康涅狄格基本法》

• 《五月花公约》

• 《易洛魁和平大法》

15. There are three branches of government. Why?

• So one part does not become too powerful

• Checks and balances

• Separation of powers

15. 政府为什么有三个分支?

• 防止某一部分权力过大

• 制衡

• 三权分立

B: System of GovernmentB:政府体制

16. Name the three branches of government.

• Legislative, executive, and judicial

• Congress, president, and the courts

16. 说出政府的三个分支。

• 立法、行政、司法

• 国会、总统、法院

17. The President of the United States is in charge of which branch of government?

• Executive branch

17. 美国总统领导政府的哪个部门?

• 行政部门

18. What part of the federal government writes laws?

• (U.S.) Congress

• (U.S. or national) legislature

• Legislative branch

18. 联邦政府的哪一部分负责制定法律?

• 美国国会

• 美国或国家立法机构

• 立法部门

19. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

• Senate and House (of Representatives)

19. 美国国会的两院是什么?

• 参议院和众议院

20. Name one power of the U.S. Congress. *

• Writes laws

• Declares war

• Makes the federal budget

20. 说出美国国会的一项权力。 *

• 制定法律

• 宣战

• 制定联邦预算

21. How many U.S. senators are there?

• One hundred (100)

21. 美国有多少名参议员?

• 100

22. How long is a term for a U.S. senator?

• Six (6) years

22. 美国参议员任期多久?

• 六年

23. Who is one of your state’s U.S. senators now?

• Answers will vary. [D.C. and territories: no U.S. senators.]

23. 你所在州的一位现任美国参议员是谁?

• 答案因州而异。[哥伦比亚特区和领地:没有美国参议员]

24. How many voting members are in the House of Representatives?

• Four hundred thirty-five (435)

24. 美国众议院有多少名有投票权的议员?

• 435

25. How long is a term for a member of the House of Representatives?

• Two (2) years

25. 美国众议员任期多久?

• 两年

26. Why do U.S. representatives serve shorter terms than U.S. senators?

• To more closely follow public opinion

26. 为什么众议员的任期比参议员短?

• 为了更贴近民意

27. How many senators does each state have?

• Two (2)

27. 每个州有多少名参议员?

• 两名

28. Why does each state have two senators?

• Equal representation (for small states)

• The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)

28. 为什么每个州都有两名参议员?

• 平等代表(保护小州)

• 大妥协(康涅狄格妥协)

29. Name your U.S. representative.

• Answers will vary. [Territories may have Delegates or Commissioners, or none.]

29. 你所在选区的美国众议员是谁?

• 答案因选区而异。[领地可能有代表或专员,或没有]

30. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? *

• Mike Johnson

• Johnson

• James Michael Johnson (birth name)

30. 现任美国众议院议长是谁? *

• 迈克·约翰逊

• 约翰逊

31. Who does a U.S. senator represent?

• Citizens of their state

• People of their state

31. 美国参议员代表谁?

• 其所在州的公民

• 其所在州的人民

32. Who elects U.S. senators?

• Citizens from their state

32. 谁选举美国参议员?

• 各州的公民

33. Who does a member of the House of Representatives represent?

• Citizens in their (congressional) district

• People in their district

33. 美国众议员代表谁?

• 其选区的公民

• 其选区的人民

34. Who elects members of the House of Representatives?

• Citizens from their (congressional) district

34. 谁选举众议员?

• 各选区的公民

35. Some states have more representatives than other states. Why?

• (Because of) the state’s population

• (Because) they have more people

• (Because) some states have more people

35. 为什么有些州的众议员比其他州多?

• 因为州的人口

• 因为他们人口更多

• 因为一些州人口更多

36. The President of the United States is elected for how many years? *

• Four (4) years

36. 美国总统的任期是几年? *

• 四年

37. The President of the United States can serve only two terms. Why?

• (Because of) the 22nd Amendment

• To keep the president from becoming too powerful

37. 为什么美国总统只能连任两届?

• 因为第 22 修正案

• 为了防止总统权力过大

38. What is the name of the President of the United States now? *

• Donald J. Trump

• Donald Trump

• Trump

38. 现任美国总统是谁? *

• 唐纳德·特朗普

• 特朗普

39. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? *

• JD Vance

• Vance

39. 现任美国副总统是谁? *

• JD 万斯

• 万斯

40. If the president can no longer serve, who becomes president?

• The Vice President (of the United States)

40. 如果总统无法继续任职,谁会成为总统?

• 美国副总统

41. Name one power of the president.

• Signs bills into law

• Vetoes bills

• Enforces laws

• Commander in Chief (of the military)

• Chief diplomat

• Appoints federal judges

41. 说出总统的一项权力。

• 签署法案使之成为法律

• 否决法案

• 执行法律

• 兼任三军总司令

• 担任首席外交官

• 任命联邦法官

42. Who is Commander in Chief of the U.S. military?

• The President (of the United States)

42. 谁是美国军队的总司令?

• 美国总统

43. Who signs bills to become laws?

• The President (of the United States)

43. 谁签署法案使之成为法律?

• 美国总统

44. Who vetoes bills? *

• The President (of the United States)

44. 谁有权否决法案? *

• 美国总统

45. Who appoints federal judges?

• The President (of the United States)

45. 谁任命联邦法官?

• 美国总统

46. The executive branch has many parts. Name one.

• President (of the United States)

• Cabinet

• Federal departments and agencies

46. 行政部门有许多组成部分,请说出一项。

• 美国总统

• 内阁

• 联邦部和机构

47. What does the President’s Cabinet do?

• Advises the President (of the United States)

47. 总统的内阁是做什么的?

• 向美国总统提供建议

48. What are two Cabinet-level positions?

• Attorney General

• Secretary of Agriculture

• Secretary of Commerce

• Secretary of Education

• Secretary of Energy

• Secretary of Health and Human Services

• Secretary of Homeland Security

• Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

• Secretary of the Interior

• Secretary of Labor

• Secretary of State

• Secretary of Transportation

• Secretary of the Treasury

• Secretary of Veterans Affairs

• Secretary of Defense

• Vice-President

• Administrator of the EPA

• Administrator of the SBA

• Director of the CIA

• Director of the OMB

• Director of National Intelligence

• U.S. Trade Representative

48. 说出两个内阁职位。

• 司法部长

• 农业部长

• 商务部长

• 教育部长

• 能源部长

• 卫生与公众服务部长

• 国土安全部长

• 住房与城市发展部长

• 内政部长

• 劳工部长

• 国务卿

• 交通部长

• 财政部长

• 退伍军人事务部长

• 国防部长

• 副总统

• 环保署署长

• 小企业署署长

• 中央情报局局长

• 管理与预算办公室主任

• 国家情报总监

• 美国贸易代表

49. Why is the Electoral College important?

• It decides who is elected president.

• It provides a compromise between the popular election of the president and congressional selection.

49. 为什么选举人团很重要?

• 它决定谁当选总统

• 它在全民选举总统和国会选举总统之间提供折中方案

50. What is one part of the judicial branch?

• Supreme Court

• Federal Courts

50. 司法部门的一部分是什么?

• 最高法院

• 联邦法院

51. What does the judicial branch do?

• Reviews laws

• Explains laws

• Resolves disputes (disagreements) about the law

• Decides if a law goes against the (U.S.) Constitution

51. 司法部门的职责是什么?

• 审查法律

• 解释法律

• 解决与法律相关的争议

• 判断法律是否违宪

52. What is the highest court in the United States? *

• Supreme Court

52. 美国最高的法院是什么? *

• 最高法院

53. How many seats are on the Supreme Court?

• Nine (9)

53. 美国最高法院有多少个席位?

• 九个

54. How many Supreme Court justices are usually needed to decide a case?

• Five (5)

54. 美国最高法院通常需要多少位大法官才能裁决一个案件?

• 五位

55. How long do Supreme Court justices serve?

• (For) life

• Lifetime appointment

• (Until) retirement

55. 美国最高法院大法官任职多久?

• 终身

• 终身任命

• 直到退休

56. Supreme Court justices serve for life. Why?

• To be independent (of politics)

• To limit outside (political) influence

56. 为什么最高法院大法官是终身任职?

• 保持独立(不受政治干扰)

• 限制外部(政治)影响

57. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

• John Roberts

• John G. Roberts, Jr.

• Roberts

57. 现任美国首席大法官是谁?

• 约翰·罗伯茨

• 罗伯茨

58. Name one power that is only for the federal government.

• Print paper money

• Mint coins

• Declare war

• Create an army

• Make treaties

• Set foreign policy

58. 说出一项仅属于联邦政府的权力。

• 印制纸币

• 铸造硬币

• 宣战

• 建立军队

• 缔结条约

• 制定外交政策

59. Name one power that is only for the states.

• Provide schooling and education

• Provide protection (police)

• Provide safety (fire departments)

• Give a driver’s license

• Approve zoning and land use

59. 说出一项仅属于州政府的权力。

• 提供教育

• 提供治安(警察)

• 提供安全保障(消防部门)

• 发放驾照

• 批准分区和土地使用

60. What is the purpose of the 10th Amendment?

• (It states that the) powers not given to the federal government belong to the states or to the people.

60. 第十修正案的目的是什么?

• 它规定未授予联邦政府的权力属于州或人民

61. Who is the governor of your state now? *

• Answers will vary. [D.C. residents should answer that D.C. does not have a governor.]

61. 你所在州现任州长是谁? *

• 答案因州而异。[哥伦比亚特区居民应回答华盛顿特区没有州长”]

62. What is the capital of your state?

• Answers will vary. [D.C. residents: D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Territories: name the capital of the territory.]

62. 你所在州的首府是哪座城市?

• 答案因州而异。[哥伦比亚特区居民应回答华盛顿特区不是州,没有首府;领地居民应回答所属领地的首府]

C: Rights and ResponsibilitiesC:权利与责任

63. There are four amendments to the U.S. Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

• Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).

• You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.

• Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)

• A male citizen of any race (can vote).

63. 宪法中有四个修正案涉及谁能投票,请描述其中一个。

• 年满 18 岁的公民可以投票

• 投票不需要缴纳人头税

• 任何公民都可以投票(男女均可)

• 任何种族的男性公民都可以投票

64. Who can vote in federal elections, run for federal office, and serve on a jury in the United States?

• Citizens

• Citizens of the United States

• U.S. citizens

64. 在美国,谁可以参加联邦选举、竞选联邦公职和担任陪审员?

• 公民

• 美国公民

65. What are three rights of everyone living in the United States?

• Freedom of expression

• Freedom of speech

• Freedom of assembly

• Freedom to petition the government

• Freedom of religion

• The right to bear arms

65. 所有居住在美国的人享有哪些三项权利?

• 言论自由

• 言语自由

• 集会自由

• 向政府请愿的自由

• 宗教自由

• 持有武器的权利

66. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? *

• The United States

• The flag

66. 当我们宣誓效忠时效忠于什么? *

• 美利坚合众国

• 国旗

67. Name two promises that new citizens make in the Oath of Allegiance.

• Give up loyalty to other countries

• Defend the (U.S.) Constitution

• Obey the laws of the United States

• Serve in the military (if needed)

• Serve (help, do important work for) the nation (if needed)

• Be loyal to the United States

67. 新公民在效忠誓言中作出哪些承诺(说两个)?

• 放弃对其他国家的效忠

• 维护美国宪法

• 遵守美国法律

• 必要时服兵役

• 必要时为国家服务(提供帮助、做重要工作)

• 忠于美国

68. How can people become United States citizens?

• Be born in the United States, under the conditions set by the 14th Amendment

• Naturalize

• Derive citizenship (under conditions set by Congress)

68. 人们如何才能成为美国公民?

• 出生在美国(符合第十四修正案条件)

• 归化入籍

• 根据国会规定取得派生公民身份

69. What are two examples of civic participation in the United States?

• Vote

• Run for office

• Join a political party

• Help with a campaign

• Join a civic group

• Join a community group

• Give an elected official your opinion (on an issue)

• Contact elected officials

• Support or oppose an issue or policy

• Write to a newspaper

69. 说出两个在美国公民参与公共事务的例子。

• 投票

• 竞选公职

• 加入政党

• 参与竞选活动

• 加入市民团体

• 加入社区团体

• 向民选官员表达意见

• 联系民选官员

• 支持或反对某个问题或政策

• 给报社写信

70. What is one way Americans can serve their country?

• Vote

• Pay taxes

• Obey the law

• Serve in the military

• Run for office

• Work for local, state, or federal government

70. 美国人服务国家的一种方式是什么?

• 投票

• 缴纳税款

• 遵守法律

• 服兵役

• 竞选公职

• 为地方、州或联邦政府工作

71. Why is it important to pay federal taxes?

• Required by law

• All people pay to fund the federal government

• Required by the (U.S.) Constitution (16th Amendment)

• Civic duty

71. 为什么缴纳联邦税很重要?

• 法律规定

• 所有人缴税以资助联邦政府

• 宪法(第16修正案)要求

• 公民义务

72. It is important for all men age 18 through 25 to register for the Selective Service. Name one reason why.

• Required by law

• Civic duty

• Makes the draft fair, if needed

72. 为什么1825岁的男性必须登记兵役?请说出一个原因。

• 法律规定

• 公民义务

• 若需要征兵,可以确保公平

 

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